ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To compare the infuences on circadian rhythm of blood pressure in the patients with non-dipper essential hypertension between the combined treatment of time acupuncture and western medication and the simple western medication.@*METHODS@#A total of 70 patients with non-dipper essential hypertension were randomized into an acupuncture plus western medication group (35 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a western medication group (35 cases). In the western medication group, levamlodipine maleate tablets were taken orally, 2.5 mg each time, once daily. In the acupuncture plus western medication group, on the base of the treatment as the western medication group, acupuncture was applied specially in the period of the day from 7:00 am to 9:00 am. The acupoints included Fengchi (GB 20), Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Hegu (LI 4), Quchi (LI 11), Zusanli (ST 36), etc. Acupuncture was given once daily, 5 treatments a week. The duration of treatment in the two groups was 4 weeks. The clinic blood pressure before and after treatment, 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and the levels of serum melatonin (MT) and 5-serotonin (5-HT) were observed in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The total effective rate of anti-hypertension was 75.8% (25/33) in the acupuncture plus western medication group, better than 54.3% (19/35) in the western medication group (<0.05). The 24 h average systolic blood pressure, the daytime average systolic blood pressure, the daytime average diastolic pressure, and the nighttime average systolic blood pressure were all reduced after treatment in the two groups (<0.05). The reduction effect of the aforementioned 4 indexes in the acupuncture plus western medication group was much more obvious as compared with the western medication group (<0.05). After treatment, the serum level of MT was increased and 5-HT decreased in the patients of two groups (<0.05). The serum level of MT in the acupuncture plus western medication group was higher than that in the western medication group and the level of 5-HT was lower than the western medication group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Time acupuncture therapy in the period of the day from 7:00 am to 9:00 am, combined with western medication effectively reduce blood pressure and regulate the levels of serum MT and 5-HT so as to maintain the circadian rhythm of blood pressure in patients with non-dipper essential hypertension. The therapeutic effect of this combined treatment is superior to simple western medication.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Blood Pressure , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory , Circadian Rhythm , Essential Hypertension , Therapeutics , PeriodicityABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the genotypic and allele frequency differences of melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B)-rs4753426 between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies and normal pregnancies , and to explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP ) of rs4753426 and gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods Totally 93 GDM pregnancies and 165 normal pregnancies were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.The age, gestational weeks, height, early pregnant weight , and the levels of fasting plasma glucose ( FPG) , fasting insulin ( FIN) were determined in every participants.By using PCR and DNA sequencing , we detected the distribution of the rs 4753426 genotypes and alleles in all individuals.The homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR) and the homeostasis model assessment-βcell function ( HOMA-β) were calculated.The allele and genotype frequencies and the FPG , FIN, body mass index ( BMI) , HOMA-IR, HOMA-βlevels between GDM group and control group were compared.Results (1) The genotype frequencies in the GDM group and the control group of rs4753426-CC, CT, TT were 72.0% (67/93), 21.5% (20/93), 6.5% (6/93), and 53.9%(89/165), 40.0% (66/165), 6.1% (10/165) respectively.The allele frequencies in the GDM group and the control group of T and C were 17.2% ( 32/186 ) , 82.8% ( 154/186 ) and 26.1% ( 86/330 ) , 73.9% ( 244/330 ) respectively.There were statistical differences in genotype frequencies and allele frequencies between two groups ( all P<0.05 ).( 2 ) The levels of FPG , FIN and HOMA-IR in the GDM group were obviously higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).The level of HOMA-βwas lower in the GDM group than that of the control group (P<0.05).(3)The FPG of CC and CT genotypes was higher than that of TT genotype in the GDM group (P<0.05), while the level of HOMA-βwas lower than that of TT genotype (P<0.05).Conclusions The MTNR1B-rs4753426 SNP is associated with the pathogenesis of GDM, and rs4753426 is the predisposing locus of GDM.The C-allele is the susceptibility allele of GDM.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of melatonin MT1 receptor in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and the protective effects of melatonin (MT) pre-intervention for the pancreas. Methods Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups:sham-operation group, ANP group and MT-pretreated group. The models of ANP were induced by retrograde injection sodium taurocholate into the bili-pancreatic duct. MT group undergoing intraperitoneal injection 50 mg/kg 30 minutes before the establishment of ANP models. Four, 8 and 12 hours after the onset of operation, the levels of serum amylase and pathological changes of the pancreas were observed. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in the pancreas were measured. The expression of MT1 protein and MT1 mRNA in pancreas were separately analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Results (1) Pancreatic pathological damage in ANP groups was progressive exacerbated. It was obviously ameliorated in MT group as compared with ANP group ( P ＜ 0.05 ); (2) Compared with SO group, the levels of serum amylase, MDA and TNFα in the pancreas were significantly increased in ANP group (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01 ). They were markedly decreased in MT group as compared with ANP group [ 12 h, (2348.00 ±278.90)U/L vs (3194. 83 ±538.10)U/L,(2.255 ± 0.472 ) μmol/L vs ( 2.960 ± 0.722 ) μ mol/L, ( 102.929 ± 29.399 ) ng/L vs ( 378. 544 ±183.454)ng/L, P ＜ 0.05 ]. The level of SOD was decreased in ANP group compared with SO group (P ＜0.05) and increased in MT group[ 12h, (11.448 ± 1.594)U/L vs (8.427 ± 1.950)U/L, P＜0.05] ;(3)Compared with SO group, the expression of MT1 protein and MT1 mRNA in ANP group were down-regulated as the severity of the disease increased ( P ＜ 0.05 ). They were significantly higher in MT group than ANP group. Conclusions Melatonin pre-intervention is able to increase SOD level and decrease MDA, TNFα levels, thereby reducing pancreatic injury. The MT1 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of ANP. MT might exert protective effects for the pancreas in ANP rats through increase the expression of MT1.